Creating Safe & Supportive Schools for Immigrant & English Learner (EL) Students
A toolkit for upholding the human and educational rights of Minnesota students
Every student deserves the opportunity to learn, dream, and succeed in schools where their rights are protected, their dignity is upheld, and their humanity is honored.
Yet today, many immigrant and English Learner (EL) students in Minnesota are facing serious threats, including the fear of deportation, the trauma of potential family separation, and the lasting harm caused by discriminatory policies, harmful rhetoric, and bullying.
These challenges not only undermine the safe, supportive school environments every student deserves—they violate their human and constitutional rights to an education.
This toolkit is here to support you—Minnesota educators, administrators, and school leaders—in your critical role of protecting the human rights, dignity, and well-being of immigrant and EL students.
Grounded in federal and state laws, professional standards, and proven equity-centered practices, this toolkit supports the creation of safe, inclusive, and equitable learning environments where every student can thrive.
In this Toolkit
Guiding Principles
From addressing urgent challenges like ICE enforcement and systemic barriers to equitable education, to fostering long-term equity and belonging, this MnEEP Toolkit equips educators and school leaders with practical tools to uphold student rights, promote their academic and social success, and ensure schools remain safe spaces for learning, growth, and opportunity for each and every student.
These guiding principles empower educators and leaders to create safe, inclusive, and supportive environments where immigrant and EL students can thrive.
- Upholding Legal and Ethical Responsibilities
Educators and school leaders are empowered through federal and state laws, along with professional standards, to advocate for and protect the rights, dignity, and safety of all students. - Protecting Student Rights and Safety
Schools must serve as safe havens where student privacy is protected, learning happens without fear of harm to them or their families, and school grounds are upheld as protected zones from ICE enforcement, ensuring every student feels secure and supported. - Ensuring Equitable Access to Education
Educators are instrumental in removing systemic barriers and ensuring immigrant and EL students have the resources, opportunities, and support they need to thrive both academically and socially. - Fostering Inclusive and Culturally Validating Environments
Schools have a responsibility to create learning spaces that honor and affirm students’ humanity, dignity, and cultural and linguistic identities, while addressing bullying, harmful rhetoric, and bias with urgency and care. - Valuing Cultural and Linguistic Assets in the Classroom Educators and school leaders should honor and uplift the rich cultural and linguistic contributions of immigrant and EL students, recognizing their unique strengths as assets that enrich classrooms and communities.
- Providing Holistic Student and Family Support
Schools must proactively develop clear protocols to support students impacted by family separations, deportations, or disruptions—ensuring access to vital resources, emotional well-being, and uninterrupted academic learning.
Upholding Your Legal and Ethical Duties: Leading Safe, Supportive Schools
Your Role in Creating Safe & Inclusive Learning Environments
Every licensed educator, administrator, and superintendent in Minnesota has a legal and ethical responsibility to protect the human rights, dignity, and safety of all students—especially immigrant and English Learner (EL) students, who may face heightened risks due to shifting federal policies, immigration enforcement concerns, and ongoing systemic inequities.
Educators are empowered by federal and state laws and the Minnesota Professional Educator Licensing Standards Board (PELSB) Code of Ethics to act as leaders, advocates, and defenders of students’ rights. These frameworks provide the authority and tools you need to:
- Guarantee education as a fundamental right (Minnesota Constitution, Plyler v. Doe).
- Maintain schools as sensitive locations under ICE policy, free from federal enforcement without judicial warrants.
- Uphold ethical duties to remove barriers, maintain confidentiality, and foster safe, equitable, inclusive learning environments.
Current Legal Frameworks & PELSB Ethical Standards
As a licensed educator and administrator, these legal protections and professional standards reinforce and support your authority to act as a leader and advocate for all students.
Guarantees all children—regardless of immigration status—access to free public K-12 education under the Equal Protection Clause.
You are legally obligated to enroll and serve all students without barriers, ensuring every child has equitable access to a free education—recognized as playing a “fundamental role in maintaining the fabric of our society.”
PELSB Standard: “A teacher shall not discriminate against any student on the basis of race, color, creed, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, status with regard to public assistance, disability, sexual orientation, or age.” (Rule 8710.2100, Subp. 2(E))
Establishes education as a fundamental right and requires the state to provide a “general and uniform” system of public schools.
You have the constitutional authority and obligation to ensure equitable access to education for all students and to advocate for them when their rights are threatened.
PELSB Standard: “A teacher shall not discriminate against any student on the basis of race, color, creed, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, status with regard to public assistance, disability, sexual orientation, or age.” (Rule 8710.2100, Subp. 2(E))
Minnesota schools cannot inquire about a student’s or their family’s immigration status during enrollment. Schools cannot require birth certificates or similar documents as a condition of enrollment.
You are legally and ethically obligated to enroll all students without barriers, ensuring that immigration status is never a condition for accessing a free and equitable education.
PELSB Standard: “A teacher shall not discriminate against any student on the basis of race, color, creed, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, status with regard to public assistance, disability, sexual orientation, or age.” (Rule 8710.2100, Subp. 2(E))
Prohibits ICE enforcement at schools, bus stops, and events without a judicial warrant.
You have the legal authority to refuse ICE entry without a valid warrant, ensuring your school remains a safe and supportive space for each and every student.
PELSB Standard: “A teacher shall make reasonable effort to protect the student from conditions harmful to health and safety.” (Rule 8710.2100, Subp. 2(B))
Requires schools to implement anti-bullying policies to protect students from harassment based on race or national origin.
You have the legal power and ethical responsibility to protect students from harm and foster a safe, supportive, inclusive school climate where every student is honored, respected, and empowered to thrive.
PELSB Standard: “A teacher shall make reasonable effort to protect the student from conditions harmful to health and safety.” (Rule 8710.2100, Subp. 2(B)) Proactive Interventions: Aligning with Rule 8710.2100, Subp. 2(B) and Rule 8710.2100, Subp. 2(E), teachers must address bullying or harassment based on race, ethnicity, national origin, language, sexual orientation, or other identities.
Prohibits discrimination in education based on race, national origin, or other protected characteristics.
You are empowered to uphold non-discriminatory practices, advocate for equitable treatment, and create inclusive, safe learning environments for all students.
PELSB Standards: “A teacher shall not discriminate against any student on the basis of race, color, creed, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, status with regard to public assistance, disability, sexual orientation, or age.” (Rule 8710.2100, Subp. 2(E)) “A teacher shall make reasonable effort to assure that the rights of students are protected.” (Rule 8710.2100, Subp. 2(H))
Protecting Your Students’ Rights
Action Checklists for Responding to Critical Challenges and Ensuring Safe & Supportive Schools
Educators and school leaders play a critical role in safeguarding the rights, safety, and dignity of immigrant and EL students.
This section provides practical, actionable checklists to help you address real-world challenges, such as responding to ICE inquiries or supporting students affected by family separation or bullying. These tools empower you to act decisively while complying with federal laws, like FERPA (Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act), and upholding professional ethical standards that prioritize student well-being.
As laws and best practices evolve, these guidelines will be updated to ensure you have the resources needed to create safe, supportive spaces and protect your students effectively.
A. What To Do if ICE Shows Up at Your School
If ICE or any other law enforcement officials show up to your school, it’s essential to determine the legal authority behind their request.
Not all documents presented by ICE provide the authority to access school grounds or student information. It is critical to ensure any papers, warrants, or documentation presented contains the following:
1. Ask to See a Judicial Warrant.
A judicial warrant is a formal written order issued by a state or federal court, such as a “Minnesota State Court” or a “U.S. District Court,” and signed by a judge or magistrate. It authorizes law enforcement officers to make an arrest, a seizure, or a search.
This is different than an “administrative warrant” that ICE or other officers might present as granting them authority on school property or other school-centered locations.
2. Confirm the Validity of All Documents
Ensure it is a judicial warrant signed by a judge. (This NOT the same as a administrative warrant or ICE form).
- Look for clear indicators:
- Judge’s signature
- Date
- Specific authorization
- Verify specific details in the judicial warrant:
- The warrant has the correct full name of the student or person in question.
- The warrant is for the exact location.
- The warrant applies specifically to your school grounds and the student named.
3. Document & Clarify
Be sure to write down the following for reporting purposes:
- Agents’ names
- Badge numbers
- Agency affiliation
- Time, date, and details of the request
4. Decline Administrative Warrants
An “administrative warrant” is a written document issued by a federal agency, such as the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) or Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), that authorizes a law enforcement officer to make an arrest or seizure under the agency’s authority.
Key Limitations of Administrative Warrants:
- Schools and other “sensitive locations” are NOT legally required to comply with search or enforcement actions on school grounds based solely on an administrative warrant.
- Access to school property or student information requires a separate judicial warrant signed by a judge.
Responding to Administrative Warrants:
- If presented with an administrative warrant or ICE form (e.g., I-200 or I-205), you have the authority to clarify: “This is not a judicial warrant and does not provide legal authority to access school grounds.”
Schools are safe spaces, and educators have a responsibility to protect students from harm and safeguard their personal information. This includes responding appropriately to potential ICE actions while upholding students’ rights under federal law.
1. Keep Students Safe
- Maintain a Calm Environment:
Stay calm and reassuring to prevent panic among students and staff. - Escort Students to Safety if Needed:
Assign staff to accompany students to a safe space if there is a perceived threat or ICE presence. - Prevent Direct Interaction with ICE Agents:
Do not allow ICE agents to approach or remove students from school grounds. Any requests should be referred to the administration or legal counsel.
2. Safeguard Student Information
- Understand Privacy Protections:
The Family Educational Rights & Privacy Act (FERPA) prohibits the release of a student’s immigration status, personal records, or identifiable information without proper legal authorization, such as a judicial warrant signed by a judge. - Ensure Staff Training:
Train all staff on FERPA protections and their role in safeguarding student information. Include specific guidance on how to respond to ICE inquiries. - Refer ICE Requests to Legal Counsel:
If ICE requests student records or information, direct them to the district’s legal counsel or designated point of contact. Do not provide any information directly.
3. Foster Inclusive & Culturally Validating Learning Environments
- Model Respect and Inclusion:
Train staff to respond to discrimination or bias swiftly and effectively, ensuring all students see that their dignity is upheld and their safety is prioritized. - Ensure All Classrooms Feel Safe and Welcoming:
Celebrate the cultural and linguistic assets students bring by incorporating multilingual signs, culturally reflective artwork, and affirming messages that emphasize belonging, safety, and a thriving school community. - Empower Student Voices:
Provide platforms like forums, leadership opportunities, or advisory groups where immigrant and EL students can share their perspectives, helping them feel valued and heard. - Celebrate and Incorporate Cultural Contributions:
Embed students’ cultural and linguistic backgrounds into the curriculum, school events, and classroom activities, highlighting the ways their unique identities are integral in creating a rich and dynamic learning environment for all students. - Visibly Commit to Safety and Support:
Develop clear, accessible policies against discrimination and harassment, and communicate them widely to staff, students, and families. Display these commitments in multiple languages throughout the school.
1. Inform School Leadership
- Immediately notify the principal or designated school leader.
2. Follow Your School’s Crisis Response Plan
- Activate Protocols:
Ensure staff are aware of their roles and responsibilities in managing the situation. - Coordinate with Legal Counsel:
Consult the district’s legal team to ensure actions align with students’ rights and federal guidelines. - Provide Accurate and Accessible Communication:
Share updates with families that are legally compliant, culturally sensitive, and reassuring. Use multilingual communication channels to reach all families effectively.
3. Designate a Point of Contact:
- Identify a staff member or team to handle inquiries from families and the community, ensuring clear and consistent messaging.
3. Reaffirm Your School’s Commitment
Communicate clearly to students, families, and the community that your school is dedicated to:
- Protecting students’ educational rights.
- Maintaining a safe and inclusive environment for every learner.
- Honoring immigrant and EL students by supporting their needs, celebrating their aspirations, and fostering their success.
Record and write down all of the details including:
- Names, badge numbers, and agency of ICE agents.
- Time, date, and location of the incident.
- Requests made and documentation presented.
Share this information with school leadership and the district’s legal team.
B. Defining and Enforcing Clear Roles for Police and SROs in Schools
Establish Clear Polices for SROs in Contracts & MOUs
Schools must explicitly define the scope of SROs’ roles to safeguard student rights, prevent overreach, and ensure protection from ICE enforcement or other disruptions to students’ safety and learning.
1. Define the Role of SROs for Your School or District
- Include explicit language in contracts or Memorandums of Understanding (MOUs) that limit SRO responsibilities to school safety while upholding students’ human and educational rights.
- Clearly outline the boundaries of SRO involvement to prevent overreach and safeguard student protections.
2. Prohibit ICE Enforcement Activities
- Establish your school as a designated as safe space, and ICE enforcement activities are prohibited on school grounds except under legally mandated circumstances.
- Train SROs on the limitations of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) authority within educational settings.
- Ensure agreements bar SROs from sharing any student information, such as immigration status or personal details, with ICE or other immigration or law enforcement agencies.
4. Center Equity & Students’ Rights
- Align SRO policies with the school mission to protect student rights and foster a safe, inclusive, and supportive school environment.
- Implement proactive measures to challenge racial biases, reduce over-policing, and address racial disparities and racial harm in SRO practices and school discipline policies.
5. Focus on Non-Punitive Approaches
- Prioritize restorative justice and conflict de-escalation over punitive measures.
- Train staff and SROs in practices that build trust and foster positive relationships.
District and school leaders have a responsibility to exceed state training requirements for School Resource Officers (SROs), ensuring they are equipped to create safe, supportive, and equitable environments that uphold the rights and dignity of all students, including immigrant and EL students.
1. Require Training in Key Areas that Support Student Safety & Belonging
To meet the needs of immigrant and EL students, SRO training should be focused on these critical areas:
2. Implement Specialized SRO Training
To ensure these training priorities translate into meaningful outcomes, leaders must implement specialized training programs that are relevant, effective, and tailored to their communities.
- Align with State Policies and Local Needs:
Use Minnesota’s Model Policy for SRO Training as a starting point, but adapt it to meet the specific needs of your district, school, and community. - Collaborate with Race Equity and Advocacy Experts:
Partner with organizations specializing in equity and advocacy to design training that addresses systemic inequities and promotes belonging for all students. - Incorporate Regular Training Updates:
Schedule ongoing training sessions to ensure SROs stay updated on new laws, best practices, and evolving community needs. - Monitor and Evaluate Effectiveness:
Gather feedback from students, staff, and families to assess the impact of training and make continuous improvements.
Effective accountability and oversight ensure that School Resource Officers (SROs) operate equitably and align with district goals for student safety, belonging, and dignity. Strong monitoring and transparent processes help address concerns and improve practices.
1. Establish a Review Committee or Task Force
- Form a dedicated group to oversee SRO practices and ensure accountability.
- Assign responsibilities such as:
- Monitoring interactions between SROs and students.
- Collecting and analyzing data on disciplinary actions and other outcomes.
- Evaluating compliance with district equity goals, particularly for immigrant and EL students.
2. Regularly Collect and Analyze Data
- Develop clear protocols for tracking SRO activities, including:
- Disciplinary responses.
- Interactions with students, especially those from marginalized groups.
- Conduct regular reviews to identify patterns, disparities, or potential harms and address inequities promptly.
3. Provide Transparent Reporting Mechanisms
- Create a clear and accessible process for students and families to report concerns or complaints about SRO practices.
- Ensure the process is:
- Widely communicated in multiple languages.
- Easy to use for all community members.
4. Respond to Findings & Improve Practices
- Use data, feedback, and reports to refine SRO policies and practices.
- Address misconduct by:
- Holding SROs accountable for inappropriate actions.
- Providing targeted training to correct harmful behaviors or inequities.
- Ensure ongoing adjustments based on findings to continuously align SRO practices with equity and inclusion goals.
1. Train Staff on SRO Roles and Responsibilities
- Provide comprehensive training for school staff to understand the specific duties, boundaries, and limitations of SROs, ensuring alignment with district policies and student protections.
2. Equip Staff to Advocate for Students’ Rights
- Provide administrators and teachers with the tools, knowledge, and resources needed to advocate effectively for students when concerns about SRO behavior arise.
3. Implement Accessible Reporting Mechanisms
- Establish clear, user-friendly processes for staff, students, and families to report instances of SRO overreach or misconduct, ensuring all concerns are addressed systematically.
4. Train Staff to Address SRO Overreach
- Enable staff to recognize and respond to situations where SROs exceed their authority by providing guidance on appropriate intervention strategies and ensuring swift resolution and accountability.
Strong community engagement ensures School Resource Officers (SROs) support student rights, equity, and safety. Collaborative partnerships and accountability measures can address concerns and foster trust.
1. Host Inclusive Stakeholder Forums on SRO Roles
- Engage Stakeholders
Organize forums with students, families, advocacy groups, and other community members to discuss SRO roles and practices. - Clarify SRO Roles
Use these forums to define the purpose of SROs, address concerns, and establish shared goals for safety, belonging, and student rights. - Focus on Collaboration
Promote dialogue about how SROs can protect student rights while addressing the needs of immigrant and English Learner (EL) communities.
2. Embed Equity at the Core of SRO Policies and Practices
- Address Systemic Inequities
Develop policies that counteract biases and disproportionate disciplinary actions, especially those affecting immigrant and EL students. - Refine Policies Through Engagement
Revise SRO policies using feedback from stakeholder forums to reduce disparities and promote equity.
3. Set Expectations for Accountability
- Establish Clear Standards
Collaborate with community members to create policies that hold SROs accountable to legal and ethical standards. - Enforce Accountability Measures
Implement oversight mechanisms, such as reporting processes and review committees, to ensure accountability.
4. Promote Transparency
- Make Policies Accessible and Understandable
Provide families with clear materials on SRO roles, safeguards, and policies in multiple languages and formats. - Build a Culture of Openness and Accountability
Create opportunities for ongoing feedback from students, families, and the community, and demonstrate how this feedback shapes improvements in policies.
C. Addressing Bullying & Discrimination Against Immigrant & EL Students
State Law Helps Protect Students from Bullying
The Safe and Supportive Schools Act strengthens protections against bullying in Minnesota schools. This law provides local school districts with the guidance, support, and flexibility needed to adopt clear and enforceable policies that protect all students from bullying, intimidation, and harassment. Every student deserves to attend a school where they feel safe, valued, and free from harm.
What to Do If Schools Fail to Address Bullying or Comply with the Law
If you are concerned that a school district or school has failed to address bullying, or that a school district or school is not complying with the Safe and Supportive Schools Law, please share your concerns with the School Safety Technical Assistance Center by:
- By Email: MDE.SSTAC@state.mn.us
- By Phone: 651-582-8364
- By Mail:
School Safety Technical Assistance Center
Minnesota Department of Education
400 NE Stinson Blvd
Minneapolis, MN 55413
(Source: MDE)
1. Calmly stop the behavior or language and explain that it violates school policies.
- Example: “That language is not acceptable here. We respect every student in this space.”
2. Make immediate efforts to resolve the incident, as obligated under the Safe & Supportive Schools Act.
Any employee who witnesses an incident or who possesses reliable information that would lead a reasonable person to believe that bullying has occurred shall:
- Immediately intervene to protect the safety of the student subjected to the incident and other students involved, as appropriate to context.
- Make reasonable efforts to address and resolve the incident, including reporting the incident immediately and seeking a remedial response.
- Cooperate fully in any investigation and resolution of the bullying incident.
Steps for Reporting and Addressing Bullying
1. Notify School Leadership
- If bullying or harmful language is witnessed among staff, notify school leadership, the designated building report taker, or HR immediately.
- File an official incident report that reflects how the incident impacts student safety, dignity, and learning.
Model Student Bullying Prohibition Policy
Under the Safe and Supportive Schools Model Policy, staff are legally required to intervene immediately to protect students from harm and to report incidents of bullying.
Key Responsibilities of the Building Report Taker
1. Policy Oversight:
- Ensure that the policy, procedures, practices, consequences, and sanctions are fairly and fully implemented.
- Serve as the primary contact for policy and procedural matters. (Minn. Stat. 121A.031, subd. 4(1) (2024))
2. Investigation:
- Conduct investigations or assign a third party designated by the school district to handle the investigation.
3. Support Resources:
- Provide information about available community resources to the target of bullying, the actor, and other affected individuals as appropriate. (Minn. Stat. 121A.031, subd. 4(7) (2024))
4. Restorative Practices:
- Emphasize restorative practices to repair harm caused by bullying incidents and promote healing.
District legal obligations
1. Duty to Act:
- Any person who witnesses, observes, or receives a report of conduct that may constitute bullying or other prohibited behavior must make reasonable efforts to address and resolve the situation.
- This includes informing the building report taker immediately.
2. Accountability for Non-Compliance:
- School personnel who fail to report or address bullying in a timely manner may be subject to disciplinary action.
3. Privacy and Confidentiality:
- Reports of bullying are classified as private educational or personnel data and/or confidential investigative data.
- These reports will not be disclosed except as permitted by law.
- The building report taker, in conjunction with the responsible authority and others involved in the investigation, is responsible for managing and regulating access to bullying reports and investigation records.
Supporting Students Impacted by Bullying: Immediate and Ongoing Steps
1. Check in with the Student Privately
- Provide a safe space for the student to share their experience without fear of judgment or retaliation.
- Reassure the student that the school is committed to addressing the issue and ensuring their safety, dignity, and well-being.
2. Offer Access to Counseling and Support Services
- Connect the student to counseling or mental health services, including trauma-informed resources that address the emotional impact of bullying.
- Provide access to cultural liaisons or interpreters if needed to ensure the student feels understood and supported, particularly for immigrant or EL students.
- Emphasize the availability of school staff trained in restorative practices to help repair harm and rebuild trust.
3. Connect with and Inform the Student’s Family or Caregivers
- Reach out to the student’s family to inform them of the incident and the steps being taken to address it.
- Offer information about additional resources, such as community-based organizations, legal support, or advocacy groups, to help the family navigate the situation.
- Ensure communication is multilingual and culturally responsive to foster trust and understanding.
Grounding in the Safe and Supportive Schools Act
The Safe and Supportive Schools Act requires that schools create environments free from bullying, intimidation, and harassment. This includes:
- Ensuring that interventions center equity and inclusion, addressing the specific needs of marginalized students.
- Providing trauma-informed responses and restorative practices to address harm and foster healing.
- Regularly training staff to recognize and respond to bullying while upholding the rights of all students.
D. Protecting Students’ Privacy and Confidentiality
FERPA, the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, is a federal law in the United States designed to protect the privacy of student education records.
It grants certain rights to parents and students regarding access to and control over educational records. FERPA applies to all schools that receive funding under programs administered by the U.S. Department of Education.
FERPA & Immigration Status
FERPA strictly prohibits schools from sharing a student’s immigration status or other sensitive personal information—such as addresses or education records—with outside entities, including law enforcement or federal immigration agencies (e.g., ICE), without proper legal authorization.
- This legal authorization typically must take the form of a judicial subpoena or warrant signed by a state or federal judge.
- Schools are NOT required to comply with requests based on administrative warrants or ICE forms.
This confidentiality protects immigrant students and families, ensuring schools remain safe, supportive spaces for all students.
1. Ensure FERPA and Best Practices Training
- Ensure all staff members with access to student records are familiar with FERPA regulations and the importance of protecting student privacy.
- Content Should Include:
- FERPA’s legal requirements and key provisions.
- Best practices for handling, storing, and sharing student information.
- Prohibited activities, such as sharing information without proper consent or legal authority.
2. Facilitate Incident Response Training
- Equip staff to identify and respond to data breaches or unauthorized access attempts effectively.
- Key Topics to Cover:
- Recognizing potential breaches, such as phishing attempts or unauthorized information requests.
- Reporting and escalation protocols for suspected incidents.
- Immediate actions to safeguard affected data and notify appropriate authorities.
3. Provide Clear Scripts for Handling Unauthorized Requests
- Empower staff to confidently decline inappropriate or unauthorized requests for student information, including from ICE officials.
-
- Sample Scripts:
- “I’m sorry, but I cannot share that information. You may contact our district’s legal counsel for further assistance.”
- “FERPA regulations prevent me from providing that information. Let me refer you to our privacy officer for any follow-up.”
- “Our school policy prohibits sharing student data without explicit consent or a court order. I’m happy to connect you with our administration office for more details.”
- Sample Scripts:
1. Review Data Collection Practices
- Inventory All Collected Data:
Identify what types of information are collected, stored, and processed by the school or district, including personal details, family information, and immigration status. - Assess Necessity:
Evaluate whether each data point is essential for educational purposes. Avoid collecting unnecessary information, particularly regarding immigration status or related sensitive details.
2. Conduct a Comprehensive Data Audit
- Catalog Data Systems:
Identify all systems, databases, and platforms where student data is stored, including student information systems, cloud platforms, and physical records. - Identify Sensitive Information:
Flag any records containing sensitive information, such as Social Security Numbers, immigration status, or family background details, that are not legally required for educational purposes. - Check for Compliance:
Ensure all data practices comply with FERPA and state-specific privacy laws. Remove or anonymize information that is not compliant or necessary.
3. Implement Data Minimization Strategies
- Restrict Data Collection:
Limit the data schools collect to only what is absolutely necessary for enrollment, attendance, or academic purposes. - Avoid Sensitive Questions:
Refrain from asking for immigration status, parent/guardian legal status, or Social Security Numbers unless legally mandated.
4. Secure Data Storage and Access
- Control Access to Sensitive Data:
Ensure that only authorized personnel have access to sensitive student records. Implement role-based permissions to prevent unnecessary exposure. - Encrypt Data:
Use encryption to protect sensitive information in both storage and transmission. - Regularly Update Security Protocols:
Ensure cybersecurity measures are up to date, including software patches, secure passwords, and multi-factor authentication.
1. Clearly Communicate FERPA and Privacy Plans
- Share the School’s FERPA Policy:
Provide families with a plain-language summary of FERPA protections, explaining how the school safeguards student data and under what circumstances information may or may not be shared. - Outline ICE-Response Protocols: Include information about how the school handles requests from immigration authorities, emphasizing that schools prioritize student privacy and legal protections.
- Publicize Privacy Safeguards:
Ensure families know about the processes in place for accessing, reviewing, or correcting student records, as allowed under FERPA.
2. Provide Practical Tools for Families
- Know-Your-Rights Resources:
Provide multilingual guides that outline what families should do if immigration authorities request information from them or the school. - Emergency Contact and Guardianship Plans:
Distribute templates or resources to help families prepare for potential disruptions, such as deportation or detainment. - Personal Information Guides:
Offer practical advice to families on minimizing the sharing of sensitive information outside trusted entities.
3. Host Interactive How-To Sessions
Provide safe, supportive, and multilingual information sessions with where families can:
- Learn how to complete guardianship forms.
- Review sample ICE-related scenarios and practice responding.
- Ask questions about FERPA and privacy protections in a safe, supportive environment.
E. Protecting and Supporting Students Amid Deportation Threats
- Develop a Crisis Response Plan:
Create clear procedures for school staff to follow when a student or family is affected by deportation actions. Ensure protocols prioritize the safety and well-being of the student. - Assign a Point Person:
Designate a staff member, such as a school counselor, administrator, and/or cultural liaison to coordinate support for affected students and serve as a facilitator for their families. - Coordinate with Community Resources:
Partner with local organizations to provide legal assistance, housing support, and access to basic needs for families experiencing deportation-related disruptions.
- Enhance Trauma-Informed Counseling Supports:
Ensure counselors are trained to support students dealing with the stress and trauma of family separation or deportation threats. - Maintain Academic Continuity:
Develop flexible academic plans to accommodate students dealing with emotional or logistical disruptions, such as missing school or relocating. - Create Safe Spaces:
Establish safe, supportive spaces within schools where students can express their concerns and access resources without fear of judgment or stigma.
1. Inform Families About School Policies
Communicate proactively with families to build trust, provide reassurance, and offer clear guidance on the school’s role in protecting student rights and privacy.
Clearly Explain Privacy Protections:
- Outline how the school protects student information under FERPA and other privacy laws.
- Reassure families by sharing specific policies that establish schools as safe zones and prioritize student rights.
2. Host Know-Your-Rights Workshops
Partner with local advocacy groups to empower families with knowledge about their legal rights and how to respond to ICE encounters.
Provide Direct Resources to Families:
- Legal Aid: Assistance with immigration paperwork, asylum cases, or deportation proceedings.
- Counseling Services: Support for trauma related to deportation threats or family separation.
- Community Resources: Referrals to housing, food security programs, or language-accessible services.
Suggested Resources:
- National Immigration Law Center (NILC): Resources for schools and families navigating immigration concerns.
- Immigrant Legal Resource Center (ILRC): Guides for immigrant rights and advocacy.
3. Provide Families with Emergency Planning Tools
Help families prepare for potential disruptions by offering practical resources and assistance.
Share Critical Planning Tools:
- Provide guardianship forms, emergency contact templates, and checklists for family preparedness.
Offer Assistance:
- Provide support to families in completing these documents, ensuring they are prepared in case of emergencies.
Fostering Culturally Validating Learning Spaces
An inclusive and supportive school environment uplifts the humanity, dignity, and strengths of immigrant and EL earners while fostering belonging, equity, and supportive and respectful relationships among students and staff
Creating spaces where immigrant and EL students feel their cultural and linguistic identities are recognized, respected, and celebrated is essential for promoting community, equity, and belonging.
1. Honor Cultural and Linguistic Assets in Everyday Learning:
- Embed students’ cultural backgrounds, histories, and languages into classroom instruction, curriculum design, and teaching practices.
- Use instructional materials and examples that reflect and affirm the lived experiences of immigrant and EL students.
2. Affirm Student Identities Through Culturally Validating Activities:
- Design activities that connect students’ cultural and linguistic heritage to their academic learning, such as oral history projects, multilingual writing assignments, or community-driven storytelling.
- Celebrate cultural milestones and heritage in ways that connect to broader learning goals, ensuring these events are meaningful and inclusive.
3. Promote Student-Led Cultural Expression:
- Support student-led initiatives that allow immigrant and EL students to share their cultural knowledge with peers, such as heritage clubs, language ambassador programs, or student panels.
- Encourage multilingual presentations, performances, and artistic expressions as part of everyday school life, not just during designated events.
4. Collaborate with Families and Communities:
- Partner with families and cultural leaders to co-create learning spaces that reflect community values and traditions.
- Invite community members to contribute to classroom lessons or schoolwide events, ensuring authentic representation.
Advocate for Policies That Build Better Schools and Enhance Outcomes for Immigrant and EL Students
Supporting policies that address the unique needs of immigrant and EL students is essential for creating schools where all learners can thrive. Advocacy efforts can help foster safe, inclusive, and equitable environments that uphold student rights, empower educators, and build stronger school communities.
1. Advocate for Safe School Environments
- Establish Schools as Safe Zones: Support policies that designate schools as safe spaces, free from immigration enforcement activities, ensuring that all students can learn without fear.
- Protect Student Privacy: Ensure adherence to privacy laws, such as the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA), to prevent unauthorized sharing of student information with external agencies.
2. Promote Equitable Access to Resources for Immigrant & EL Students
- Increase Funding for EL Programs: Advocate for enhanced funding to support EL students, addressing the historical underfunding that has limited educational opportunities.
- Expand Support Services: Push for policies that provide comprehensive services, including bilingual supports, counseling, and mental health resources, to meet the diverse needs of immigrant and EL students.
- Invest in Technology Access: Advocate for policies that provide EL students and their families with access to digital tools and resources, bridging technology gaps that impact academic success.
3. Protect Students’ Rights
- Safeguard Against Discrimination: Advocate for policies that protect students from discrimination based on immigration status or language proficiency, promoting equity and inclusion.
- Support Legal Protections: Work towards legislation that upholds the rights of immigrant and EL students, ensuring they have equal access to educational opportunities.
- Address Language Access Gaps: Advocate for policies requiring schools to offer translated materials, interpretation services, and multilingual family engagement strategies to protect and include EL students and their families.
Ongoing Strategies for Advancing Equity & Inclusion
Creating a safe, supportive, and inclusive school climate is not a one-time effort—it requires a continuous commitment to equity and institutional and systemic change.
Schools must foster environments where every student, particularly immigrant and English Learner (EL) students, feels valued, respected, and empowered to succeed. This critical work goes beyond addressing immediate challenges and threats; it’s about embedding equity into every aspect of school culture, policies, and practices.
Recognizing and Addressing Implicit Bias
Conduct regular staff training on implicit bias, cultural responsiveness, and the role of systemic inequities in shaping student experiences.
Facilitate workshops to explore how educators’ assumptions and expectations can impact EL students’ academic and social success.
Building Equity-Centered School Policies and Practices
Implement equity audits to identify and understand areas where school policies and practices may disadvantage immigrant and EL students.
Partner with equity organizations to conduct equity audits, review policies, and develop frameworks and action plans to address systemic inequities and create classrooms that enhance EL and immigrant student experiences and outcomes.
Creating Safe, Supportive, & Culturally Validating Education Spaces
Facilitate staff and student training on Culturally Validating Pedagogy (CVP/L) and student belonging.
Build district-wide protocols and standards that celebrate and honor students’ diverse cultural and linguistic identities in the classroom environment and curriculum.
Tools: Professional development opportunities and training in race equity frameworks and CVP/L through MnEEP’s Race Equity Training Center.
Strengthening Trust & Relationships with Families
Host “Know Your Rights” workshops and provide multilingual resources to families.
Inform families about their rights under laws like FERPA and local privacy regulations.
Tools: Community partner directories, parent/caregiver-focused handouts, and planning templates for responding to ICE detainments or deportations.
Supporting Students’ Emotional & Mental Health
Current rhetoric and fear of deportation and family separation can have a profound impact on the emotional health and wellbeing of immigrant and EL students.
School supports and resources should be culturally validating, culturally relevant, and honor the unique experiences and assets of immigrant and EL students.
Mental Health Supports for Students
Connect students with counselors, psychologists, and culturally affirming services.
Classroom Strategies for Trauma-Informed Teaching
Build safety, trust, and routines that help students process emotions and focus on learning.
Culturally Validating Classrooms Supports
Incorporate culturally validating practices to honor students’ experiences cultural and linguistic identities.
Partnerships & Community Resources/Directory
A directory of trusted local, regional, and state-level partners to ensure families receive support beyond the school environment.
Immigration Legal Guidance
Metro
- Immigrant Law Center of Minnesota (ILCM): Legal aid for families
- Volunteer Lawyers Network: Connects families to volunteer legal support
- Justicia Law (Danielle Robinson Briand): Community-based legal support.
Southern Minnesota
- Southern Minnesota Regional Legal Services (SMRLS): Regional support for families.
Immigration Rights Attoneys
Resources for families
- Abigail Wahl, Puerta Grande Law
- Iris Ramos, The Law Offices of Iris Ramos, LLC
- Jesus Torres, Torres Garza Law
- Graham Ojala Barbour, Ojala Barbour Law Firm, PLLC
- Susana De Leon & Bruce Nestor, De Leon and Nestor, LLC
Know Your Rights Resources
- Printable cards in multiple languages to help students and families understand their rights.
Immigrant Defense Project Know-Your-Rights Resources:
- Offers detailed resources for responding to ICE encounters.
ACLU Know-Your-Rights Guide for Immigrants:
- Practical resources for immigrant families, available in multiple languages.
Emergency Planning Tools
ILRC Family Preparedness Plan:
- Templates and tools for families to prepare for potential deportation-related disruptions.
Kids in Need of Defense (KIND):
- Emergency planning resources and guidance for immigrant families.
Culturally Validating Tools & Resources
Video: How Language Justice Drives Educational Excellence for Minnesota Students
- The critical role of language justice in fostering equitable and culturally validating learning environments that empower all students to succeed.
- Clear definitions and insights into key equity terms, helping educators and leaders ground their work in culturally responsive and validating practices.
MnEEP Tools, Resources, and Trainings for Creating Equitable and Inclusive Learning Environments
- Utilize tools, resources, and trainings to address systemic inequities, celebrate students’ unique cultural and linguistic identities, and enhance academic outcomes for immigrant and EL students.
Mental Health & Trauma-Informed Supports
School-based mental health programs
National Child Traumatic Stress Network (NCTSN):
- Resources for schools to address trauma and support immigrant students.
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA):
- Guidance on implementing trauma-informed care in schools.
Colorín Colorado – Supporting Immigrant Students:
- Articles and resources for educators to support immigrant and EL students.